B
Sailing Terms B
Back- To back an anchor is to carry out a
smaller one ahead of the one by which the vessels rides to take off some of the
strain.
Backstay
- Mast support running to aft deck or another mast.
Backslice- A method of weaving the end of a rope to keep it from
unraveling.
Backstaff a navigation instrument used to measure the apparent height of
a landmark whose actual height is known, such as the top of a lighthouse. From
this information, the ship's distance from that landmark can be calculated.
Backwinded- When the wind pushes on the wrong side of
the sail, causing it to be pushed away from the wind. If the lines holding the
sail in place are not released, the boat could become hard to control and heel
excessively
Bail
- Ironrod partially circling the boom to which sheet block is attached 2 To
remove water from a boat, as with a bucket or a pump.
Baldheaded
Schooner A
schooner without topsails.
Baggywrinkle:
- chafing gear made from old ropes.
Ballast-Is either pigs of iron, stones, or gravel, which last is called
single ballast; and their use is to bring the ship down to her bearings in the
water which her provisions and stores will not do. Trim the ballast, that is
spread it about, and lay it even, or runs over one side of the hold to the other
Bar-shallow water usually made of sand or mud, usually running parallel
to the shore. Bars are caused by wave and current action,
Bare Poles A sailing vessel in a storm carrying no sail
Barratry- Any wrongful act knowingly done by the master to the detriment
of the owner of either ship or cargo; done without knowledge or consent of owner
.
Barge A long, narrow, light boat, employed to carry the principal sea
officers, such as admirals and captains of ships of war, to shore.2A long vessel
with a flat bottom used to carry freight on rivers. Barges are usually not
powered, being pushed or towed by a tugboat instead
Bare Poles- Condition of a vessel when she has no sails set.
Bark-3
Masted with Sq rigged on fore and main mast
Barge - A long vessel with a flat bottom used to carry freight on rivers.
Barges are usually not powered, being pushed or towed by a tugboat instead.
Barnacle-A shell-fish often attached to the submerged parts of a vessel.
Barque: Sailing vessel with three or more masts: fore and aft rigged on
aftermast, square rigged on all others.
Barkentine-3
Masted with Sq rigged on fore mast only
Barograph-- An instrument used to keep a record of
atmospheric pressure, such as on a paper drum
Barometric pressure- Atmospheric pressure as measured by
a barometer.
Batten - a short piece of wood or plastic inserted in a sail to keep it
taut
Batten pockets-- Pockets in a sail where battens can be
placed to stiffen the sail.
Batten down-Secure hatches and loose objects both within the hull and on
deck.
Beacon -A lighted or unlighted fixed aid to navigation attached directly
to the earth's surface.
Beam - The widest part of the boat.
Beams Ends- Vessel said to be "on her beam ends" when she is
lying over so much that her deck beams are nearly vertical. Method used to
repair or paint hull before drydocks.
Beam reach - a point of sail where the boat is sailing at a right angle
to the wind
Bearing - The
direction of an object expressed either as a true bearing as shown on the chart,
or as a bearing relative to the heading of the boat.
Beaufort
wind scale- A method of measuring the severity of the force of wind,
named after Admiral Beaufort who created the system. 0 is no wind, whereas 12
would be a hurricane.
Bear Off- To thrust away; to hold off. 2 to steer off wind, shore
or approaching object.
Bearing - The direction of an object expressed either as a true bearing
as shown on the chart, or as a bearing relative to the heading of the boat
Bear Up- to steer up to the eye of the wind, shore or object.
Beckets- Short ropes used in several parts of a ship, to confine large ropes,
or to hang up the weather sheets and lee
tacks of "the main and fore-sail to the foremost main and fore
"
shrouds. The noose made at the breast of a block, to make fast the standing part of a fall to, is also called a Becket. (1'1. 2, fig.
Belay - Change order; - To make a line secure to a pin, cleat or bitt.
Belay
pin - Iron or wood pin fitted into railing to secure lines to.
Below -Beneath the deck
Bend
- to fasten one line to another
Berth-(1) A place for a person to sleep. (2) A place where the ship can
be secured. (3) A safe and cautious distance, such as
Bible- A large Holystone
Bight - any part of the rope between the two end.
Bilge- The lowest part of the interior hull below the waterline
Bilge Pump-A mechanical, electrical, or manually operated pump used to
remove water from the bilge.
Binnacle A wooden case or box, which contained compasses, log-glasses,
watch-glasses and lights to show the compass at night.
Bitter end - the final inboard end of chain or line
Bitt - A vertically posted above deck used to secure line.
Blackbirder - Was the name for ship engaged in the slave trade in the
1800s.
Blanket - To take the wind out of another boat sail by moving to
his windward.
Block
- A pulley used to gain mechanical advantage,
Block and tackle - A combination of one or more blocks
and the associated tackle necessary to give a mechanical advantage.
Bluewater sailing - open ocean sailing, as opposed to being in a lake or
sound
Bobstaycable,chain or rod holding down the end of the bowsprit.
Boat -A fairly indefinite term. A waterborne vehicle smaller than a ship.
One definition is a small craft carried aboard a ship.
Boat hook -A short shaft with a fitting at one end shaped to facilitate
use in putting a line over a piling, recovering an object dropped overboard, or
in pushing or fending off.
Boatswain-- Also bosun, bos'n, bo's'n, and bo'sun, all
of which are pronounced bosun. A crew member responsible for keeping the hull,
rigging and sails in repair
Boatswain Chair - A board rigged with tackle that a crew member can be
hoisted aloft.
Bolt rope- A line rope - sewn into the luff of a sail.
The bolt rope fits in a notch in the mast or other spar when the sail is raised.
Bollard - Vertical post on dock for securing lines.
Bone in her teeth -- sailing well underway such that spray is thrown out
at the stem of the boat
Boom: - a horizontal spar attached to the bottom edge of of a sail,
riding on the mast and controlled by sheet.
Boomkin - A spar projecting from the stern to which is attached a
backstay or sheet.
Boom Vang -Any system used to hold the boom down. This is useful for
maintaining proper sail shape, particularly when running or on a broad reach.
Boot stripe -- a different color strip of paint at the waterline
Boot Top- A painted
line, just above the waterline
Bow - The forward part of the vessel.
Bow line -A docking line leading from the bow.
Bow spring line - A bow
pivot line used in docking and undocking, or to prevent the boat from moving
forward or astern while made fast to a pier.
Bowline
- A knot use to form an eye or loop at the end of a rope.
Bowsprit:
- a long spar attached to the Jibboom in the bow; used to secure head sails.
Brace- A rope from the deck to the end of the yardarm use to swing
yard or trim the Square sail.
Breaking the line - the action of passing one fleets line through the enemy's,
with the object of destroying his unity
Breaker-- A wave that approaches shallow water, causing
the wave height to exceed the depth of the water it is in, in
Breast line-- A line attached laterally from a boat to a
dock, preventing movement away from the dock.
Breeches
buoy-A
circular lifebuoy used in days now past by lifesaving crews to
extract persons from wrecked vessels, usually fired from a cannon onto the deck
of the wrecked vessel.
Bridge -The location from which a vessel is steered and its speed
controlled. "Control Station" is really a more appropriate term for
small craft.
Brig- is a two-masted vessel with both masts square rigged. On the
sternmost mast, the main mast, there is also a gaff sail
Brigantine- is a two-masted vessel fore mast being square rigged
Bright work - varnished woodwork or polished metal
Broach - a turning or swinging of the boat that puts the beam of the boat
against the waves, creating a danger of swamping or capsizing
Broad reach - a point of sail where the boat is sailing away from the
wind, but not directly downwind
Bugeye Oyster -Chesapeake Bay Oyster dredging boat that was made from
either logs or planks had raked masts ketch rigged
Bulkhead - Below deck walls within vessel
Bull Rope: A rope used for hoisting a topmast or topgallant mast
in a square rigged ship.
Bulward - Solid rail along ship side above deck to prevent men and gear
from going overboard
Bung - A round wood plug inserted in hole to cover a nail scre or bolt.
Bunk: - a sleeping berth.
Bunker-A storage
compartment aboard a ship for coal or other fuel
BuoyA floating navigation aid.
Buoyage: The act of placing buoys. 2. Establishment of buoys and buoyage
systems. Applied collectively to buoys placed or established.
Buntline- Alternative name for brails.
Buoyancy- Degree of floatability
Burdened Vessel - That vessel which, according to the applicable
Navigation Rules, must give way to the privileged vessel.
Burgee-- A type of flag used to identify a boater's
affiliation
Burthen- A older term used to express a ship's carrying capacity
By the Board: Overboard and by the ship's side.
By the Head: bow lower then stern
By the Lee - sailing with the wind coming from behind, and slightly to
the side, that the sails are on.
By the Stern- stern lower then bow
By the Wind- closehauled to wind
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The Illustrated Dictionary of Boating
Terms: 2000 Essential Terms for Sailors & Powerboaters
From America's leading sailing authority, the
first lively, authoritative guide to the language of boating and the
sea. From "abaft" to "Zulu," including terms as
new as "bowrider" and as old as "starboard," here
is the language of pleasure boating--clearly defined terms that
today's sailors and powerboaters rely on to make their way safely and
happily upon America's waters. Families of related terms are grouped
together in special sections
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